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Money manager who created the MACD

Gerald Appel

Gerald Appel (born 1933, New York) is an American money manager and newsletter writer who developed the Moving Average Convergence/Divergence (MACD) indicator in the late 1970s. He founded the newsletter Systems and Forecasts in 1973 and Signalert Asset Management, and managed client money for more than 35 years before retiring in 2012. He has written 17 books on investing and market timing.

What they argue

  • Typical investors follow trends rather than lead them and so arrive late; disciplined, rules-based timing tools are meant to correct that.
  • Quantitative technical tools should be used primarily to reduce risk, not only to chase returns.
  • Practical timing models (momentum, breadth, seasonality, relative strength) can serve short-, intermediate- and long-term investors alike.

Sources

Summaries are Be The Puck's paraphrase of public material. Be The Puck has no affiliation with the people listed.

Books and papers

  • Double Your Money Every Three Years (1974)
  • Technical Analysis: Power Tools for Active Investors (2005)
  • Opportunity Investing (2007)

The full reading list

MACD above zero

Rule and full record

Trend following · daily

MACD above zero simply means the 12-day EMA is above the 26-day EMA: a classic fast/slow crossover.

Calls right29%58,050 closed calls on 377 stocks.
Beat buy and hold (Sharpe)92 of 375On raw return: 71 of 375.
In right now150 of 377As of the Oct 13, 2026 close.

Best risk-adjusted results against buy and hold:

MACD signal-line crossover

Rule and full record

Momentum · daily

The most common MACD signal: bullish when the MACD line crosses above its 9-day signal line.

Calls right34%136,695 closed calls on 377 stocks.
Beat buy and hold (Sharpe)56 of 375On raw return: 50 of 375.
In right now207 of 377As of the Oct 13, 2026 close.

Best risk-adjusted results against buy and hold:

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